The types of parasites in the human body are extremely diverse.These, along with multicellular and protozoa, also include viruses, bacteria and fungi that parasitize due to the human body, although in the medical tradition viruses and bacteria are not customary to be attributed to parasites.
Let us consider in more detail the main types of human endoparasites.The appearance of many of them can be seen only under a microscope, and some, especially from among helminths, are amazing in their size.Let's start with the simplest:
- Lajambia, along with dysbiosis, is also the cause of hypovitaminosis, anemia and general intoxication of the body.
- Toxoplasmes affect the brain, eyes, heart muscle, nervous system, but they are particularly dangerous for pregnant women due to the danger of the death of the fetus or its severe lesions.
- Amoebas are able to cause amoebic dysentery, ammber encephalitis and other dangerous diseases.
- Trichomonas are sources of infectious diseases of the genitourinary system.
The most common parasites
The most common endoparasites include, of course, helminths (worms), which, according to various sources, infected more than 80% of the planet's population.
A huge number of these parasites are divided into main types:
- Nematodes - round worms (ascarides, pinworms, trichinelles, Vlasov, etc.);
- cestodes - ribbon worms (ribbons, pork and bull tapeworm, echinococci, etc.);
- Trematodes-carpet workers (liver, blood, pulmonary, as well as saucers living in the intestines).
Sometimes you can find a more general classification, according to which all types of parasites of people are divided into:
- educational (intestinal), parasitizing in the intestines;
- tissue, localized in another organ and tissues.
However, most helminths at different stages of their life cycle take place both the tissue and intestinal period of development with appropriate symptoms.
Consider a brief description of the most common types of helminths.
Round worms (nematodes)
- Askarids- The most common round worms with a length of 20 to 40 cm are parasitized in the small intestine, but pre -migrated in the human body, affecting the circulatory and respiratory system.Along with the intestines, these parasites can be found in the liver and gall bladder, heart and lungs.A frequent symptom of ascariasis is an allergic reaction.
- Speakers- small worms up to 1 cm, affecting the intestines and leading to enterobiosis with a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, exhaustion, sleep disorders, etc. A characteristic sign of the presence of pinworms is itching in the anus, where they lay eggs.
- Trichinella- These microscopic worms (their size is only a few millimeters) lead to severe diseases - trichinellosis, which can lead to death in the absence of treatment.Adult species live in the body of people in different types of muscles (breathing, facial, etc.), causing muscle pain, fever, edema, allergic rashes on the skin.
- Blacovyv- small worms (length up to 4.5 cm, with the front of the body
In the form of threads), the larvae of which cause trichocephalosis with diarrhea, acute abdominal pain and other symptoms resembling appendicitis.Due to intoxication of the body, anemia develops.
Ribbon worms (cestodes)
- Wide tape, whose body length reaches 10 m, leads to the development of dipillobotriosis with nausea, weakness, vomiting, unstable stool, asthenia and anemia.
- Pork tapewormIt has a length of 3 to 8 m, parasitizes mainly in the small intestine and causes two diseases at once: a shadeniosis with dyspeptic, astheno-neurotic and abdominal syndromes, and cystyciacsis with intoxication, intestinal, allergic and respiratory syndromes.Depending on the localization of cystitsiks, muscles, brain, heart, eyes, etc. are affected.
- Bull Taper, the length of which can reach up to 18 m, causes tusirinchosis and is considered one of the most dangerous types of worms.If you do not engage in deworming, it can live in the human body under 18-20 years old!It is localized in the large intestine, causes severe intoxication with products of its vital activity, as well as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anemia, allergic reactions and problems with the nervous system.
- Dwarf tabbellThe length of only 1.5-5 cm is a source of hymenolepidosis with dyspeptic, pain and astheno-neurotic syndromes, from which the digestive and nervous systems of the body, as well as the liver, suffer from.
- EchinococcusIt is considered the smallest ribbon flax - its length is only from 2.5 to 8, rarely 9 mm, however, infection with it has formidable consequences in the form of liver and lung damage, where cysts and tumors are formed, causing dysfunction of these organs.
Dosal workers (trematodes)
- Hepatic bias, or hepatic bicarryThe shape resembles a sheet 30-50 mm long and 8-13 mm wide, has suction cups.It damages the liver membrane and, clogging the bile ducts, is able to completely block the outflow of bile.It can lead to cirrhosis, jaundice and liver cancer.
- Cat (Siberian) Earrotor, or cat bicarry, a flat geon 4-13 mm long.Localization - ducts of the gallbladder, liver and pancreas.It causes opisthorchiasis with the development of gastritis, ulcers, pancreatitis, cholecystitis up to liver cancer, which can lead to death.
- Pulmonary baconIt has an egg-shaped shape, a red-brown body with small spikes with a length of 7.5 to 12 mm with a width of 4-8 mm.It affects the lungs, causing inflammation, exudative pleurisy, focal fibrosis and lung cancer.With penetration into the brain, encephalitis and meningoencephalitis causes.
- Schistosomes (blood saucers)-Separate worms with a size of 1-2 cm, whose eggs cause an increase in the liver, spleen and lymph nodes, the formation of polyps in the intestines, diarrhea, granulomatous inflammation, leading to cancer of the bladder.
Sources of infection
Helminthiasis, like other intestinal diseases, is most often a “dirty hand disease”, which causes eggs and helminths of helminths in the human body:
- when they do not wash their hands after the toilet and before eating;
- do not wash vegetables, fruits and herbs that are consumed raw;
- do not subject meat and fish sufficient heat treatment;
- when consuming incorrectly salted fish and fat;
- leave ready -made food products available to flies and cockroaches;
- use feces as a fertilizer in garden plots;
- bathed in not intended for this reservoirs;
- Contact with homeless animals.
However, from your pet you can also become infected with worms, because often animals serve intermediate hosts for helminths, and the main master is a person.
Methods of struggle
- From an early age, to instill in children the habit of washing their hands.They need to do this more often, since they constantly join the sand, earth, puddles, where the most favorable conditions for eggs and parasite larvae are in contact with domestic and street animals.
- When any ailment occurs, helminthosis cannot be excluded, therefore it is recommended to do the appropriate tests for parasites to determine the specific type of helminth (there are drugs against most of them.
- If parasites are found in one family member, everything should take drugs for helminthiasis.
- Folk medicine knows many ways to get rid of worms, and they give a good effect.
- Do not leave the prepared dishes, bread, pastries, etc., so that flies or cockroaches - carriers of worm eggs - do not leave them on products.
- Carefully observe the temperature regime during cooking: meat and fish, in which helminth eggs are often found, boil/fry/bake well.
- Rinse vegetables, fruits, greens in running water well, which are consumed raw.
- Regularly carry out deworming pets.
- Refuse the use of feces as a fertilizer in their garden plots.
- When traveling to exotic countries, it is extremely careful about local dishes, especially offered on the street, there is no guarantee that you will not pick up any no less exotic helminth with them.
Types of parasites in the human body
Many centuries in the human body settled and successfully parasitized harmful creatures that fed due to valuable products of life, for a long time lived in organs and tissues, literally sucking out vitality from the host.There are various types of parasites in the human body; there can live a lot, billions of different individuals inside the body.
By type of localization
Intestinal (live in the gastrointestinal tract, affecting the small intestine):
- Round helminths.
- Ribbon worms.
Extra -mesh (live in different areas of the human body, more often, in the liver, brain):
By the method of infection
Contagious (transmitted from infected person to healthy as a result of contact with him or when using personal hygiene products (towels, toothbrushes, dishes, toys)):
- Dwarf tabbell.
- Speakers.
Bio-Shelminth (infection occurs through communication with animals or eating infected meat that has not passed proper heat treatment):
A variety of parasites in the human body
- Bull Taper.
- Pork tapeworm.
Geohelminths (infection occurs through unwashed vegetables, fruits, greens):
On biological features
Such a group of parasites includes:
- Ribbon worms.
- Round worms.
- Ensalmers.
Prevention of infection
Strict observance of hygiene rules will help to avoid infection with parasitic worms.
We should not forget about washing hands with antibacterial soap, especially after visiting the street and public places, the toilet room and before cooking.It is necessary to cut the nails and clean them regularly.
A hot iron is able to cope with the already emerging worms.Personal things must be washed and ironed, and also not forget about wet cleaning of the house.
Creatures living in the body of animals, humans, birds and fish and eat at the expense of their carrier are called parasites.
The life of such organisms in the human body does not lead to anything good, parasites can cause serious complications and even a fatal outcome.
Consider the types of parasites in the human body in more detail.Below is a detailed classification of parasites.
Worms
- Round worms - roundworms and pinworms take root well in the human body
- Flat worms - the human body is an excellent place where pork and bull champion, hepatic bacon, etc. can live.
Insects
It is quite difficult to fight such types of parasites, because in the process of their life they are reliably justified and attached to the walls of the organs using special suction cups and hooks.
Some individuals can generally live at the cellular level and in tissues, and it is almost impossible to remove them from there.This applies to worms.The situation with insects is a little simpler, since they are usually located on the surface of the body, where they can be detected and destroyed in time.
What parasites live in the intestines?So, we will analyze each of their variety and places where parasitic worms and protozoa live.
Proper
Absolutely invisible parasites.Among the protozoa there are also harmless representatives - Green Evglen, the ciliator of the shoe, etc.
The most dangerous for humans are:
The carrier of this type of parasites is a mosquito living in South America and Central Africa, where a warm and humid climate.Such conditions are favorable for the life of plasmodium.
Clinical symptoms appear already a day after microorganism begins to live in a person, or rather, in his liver.The signs of infection with malaria plasmodium include: severe headache, nausea and vomiting.
After a few days, an infected person rises sharply, diarrhea begins, and rapid dehydration of the body begins.
- Lambia and dysentery amoeba.
These types of parasitic protozoa live in the gastrointestinal tract.Both a person and any animal can become a carrier.Favorite places where parasites can live their entire life cycle is the small intestine and the upper part of the large intestine.
Sources of this type of parasites in the body are dirty fruits and vegetables, raw water.The first symptoms appear quite quickly.The main sign of infection with lamblia or amoea dysenteria is a plentiful liquid chair.Then the temperature rises, strong vomiting begins.If you do not take measures in time, there is a risk of death from a strong dehydration of the body.
Flat worms
This type of parasites in the human body is also very dangerous.These worms are called flat because the shape of their body resembles flat ribbons.There is also the most harmless type of flat worms for humans - these are ciliated worms.But dangerous parasites - saucers and strip worms - we will talk about them in more detail.
In size, the flat worms of this species are small, but are attached to the walls of the human organs very firmly thanks to their suction cups.
The saimal, which parasitizes mainly in the liver and intestines, causes anemia, constant headaches and sharp weight loss.
This helminth can penetrate the lungs and even into the brain during its life, causing serious consequences.The source of saucers is dirty water and plants.
Representatives of the strip worms - bull and pork chain - can reach a length of up to 10 meters.Parasites live in a person’s intestines, namely in a thin one.
The most dangerous type of strip worms is Echinococcus, which can affect the brain and lungs.
Losing weight with normal appetite is the main sign of infection with tape worms.
Prevention
Prevention is an integral part in the fight against parasites.It was said above what parasites are in the human body.As for worms and protozoa, modern medicine offers a large selection of drugs for prevention and combat pests.
But do not prescribe the drug yourself, you must first contact a specialist, especially if you are worried about any symptoms.After conducting the necessary tests, the doctor himself will prescribe the desired drug based on which parasites live in the human body.
After all, each drug acts on certain types of parasitism, unfortunately, unfortunately, does not exist.And it is precisely the specialist that will help to choose the medicine that is relevant in this case, struggling with a certain type of parasites in a person.